Understanding NIPS
NIPS stands for Non-Invasive Prenatal Screening. It is commonly known as NIPT – Non- invasive prenatal testing - among patients. Both refer to the same test; NIPS being the more scientific and accurate name. It is a blood test that can be done at any point in pregnancy after 9 weeks. It studies the baby’s DNA (cell free fetal DNA) that is found in the mother’s blood.
It is mainly used to know the risk of common genetic problems in unborn babies like Down’s syndrome. It is more accurate than some other tests like Dual marker for the same purpose. However; it still remains a screening test. Its results are in the form of “probability of being affected” and not confirmatory. Also, it cannot replace the conventional combined first trimester screening as sonography gives far more detailed information. Therefore, it can be used in addition to combined FTS rather than instead of it.
It is a very useful test in certain situations like advanced maternal age, previous history of Down’s syndrome in the family, prior screening test giving an intermediate risk etc. However; it not the test of choice when an ultrasound shows certain problems in the fetus like increased fluid behind the neck or a structural defect etc. In these cases, invasive testing like amniocentesis/CVS is the test of choice.
Dr. Ashwini Rathi is Director of Mumbai Fetal Medicine Centre, Irla Parimal society, Off Juhu lane. Andheri (W) and a consultant at Surya Mother and Child hospital, Santacruz.
For appointments please call – +91-8669227227.